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{"id":4919,"date":"2017-10-15T14:11:18","date_gmt":"2017-10-15T14:11:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/moovafrica.com\/news\/?p=4919"},"modified":"2017-10-15T15:54:28","modified_gmt":"2017-10-15T15:54:28","slug":"how-drones-were-used-to-deliver-life-saving-medical-supplies-in-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/moovafrica.com\/news\/how-drones-were-used-to-deliver-life-saving-medical-supplies-in-africa\/","title":{"rendered":"How Drones Were Used To Deliver Life Saving Medical Supplies In Africa"},"content":{"rendered":"
the zipline story….<\/h4>\n
In October 2016,\u00a0Zipline\u00a0began using drones to deliver\u00a0medical supplies to health clinics in Rwanda. The San Francisco based company is a combination high tech startup, drone manufacturer, logistics service provider, and public healthcare system, consultant.<\/h4>\n
I talked to Zipline\u2019s co-founder and COO, Will Hetzler, about the genesis of the company and the fact that they have had to be more than just a drone delivery provider to succeed in their mission. To succeed, Zipline has needed to partner with Ministries of Health. To support this work, Zipline engaged\u00a0LLamasoft\u00a0to analyze the medical supply chains in both Rwanda and in Tanzania. LLamasoft\u2019s Global Impact Team does project-based supply chain consulting for Zipline at highly discounted rates based on the humanitarian nature of this mission.<\/p>\n
To support this work, Zipline engaged\u00a0LLamasoft\u00a0to analyze the medical supply chains in both Rwanda and in Tanzania. LLamasoft\u2019s Global Impact Team does project-based supply chain consulting for Zipline at highly discounted rates based on the humanitarian nature of this mission.<\/p>\nThe unmanned delivery vehicles from zipline (pictured on workbench)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
Zipline\u2019s potential customers needed to understand how the drones were being developed to serve their needs. \u201cFrom the beginning of the company, our CEO and I spent months traveling around as many (developing) regions as we could. Our CEO went to Latin America and Asia. I went to Africa.\u00a0 We started at the lowest level of the supply chain\u201d meeting medical personnel in rural health centers.\u00a0 These frontline medical practitioners talked about the products they needed that they had poor access to, the challenges they faced, and the reasons for those challenges. Then Zipline went to the next level up in the supply chain, the regional warehouses, and had the same conversations. Then they went to the central warehouse and once again had the same set of conversations. The result was that they were not only able to design a better<\/p>\n
These frontline medical practitioners talked about the products they needed that they had poor access to, the challenges they faced, and the reasons for those challenges. Then Zipline went to the next level up in the supply chain, the regional warehouses, and had the same conversations. Then they went to the central warehouse and once again had the same set of conversations. The result was that they were not only able to design a better<\/p>\n
We started at the lowest level of the supply chain\u201d meeting medical personnel in rural health centers.\u00a0 These frontline medical practitioners talked about the products they needed that they had poor access to, the challenges they faced, and the reasons for those challenges.<\/p>\n
Then Zipline went to the next level up in the supply chain, the regional warehouses, and had the same conversations. Then they went to the central warehouse and once again had the same set of conversations. The result was that they were not only able to design a better<\/p>\n
Then they went to the central warehouse and once again had the same set of conversations. The result was that they were not only able to design a better service but by the time they were ready to launch in Rwanda in 2016, they had a built-in constituency in place. They are now expanding their services to Tanzania.<\/p>\n
\u201cAt the point where we enter,\u201d Mr. Hetzler said, \u201cthe healthcare system has a budget and our job is to help them maximize the impact of their supply chain spend.\u201d LLamasoft\u2019s network design tools were important in helping Zipline play a consultative role.<\/p>\n
The consulting is focused on determining how goods should flow to patients, where they should be stored, and how much should be stored at each node in the supply chain. For example, in Tanzania, Zipline plans to fly out of four medical warehouses, the first of which will be in Dodoma, the country\u2019s capital. LLamasoft is currently working with Zipline to help design the product flow paths out of the Dodoma warehouse.<\/p>\n
These are mathematically based decisions focused on achieving the desired service level while considering the variability of demand, inventory carrying costs, transportation costs, and the constraints that exist at various facilities. Not surprisingly, the constraints include understanding the range of the drones, how fast they travel, and the weight and dimensions of the goods the drone can carry.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\nMedical supply delivery with the aid of a drone<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
But the constraints also include how much capacity a warehouse has and whether a patient care facility has cold storage or other specialized equipment needed for certain drugs.<\/p>\n
No model can accurately capture all the details of how things operate on the ground. It\u2019s not all about the math. \u201cThe qualitative review is critical,\u201d Mr. Hetzler insisted.<\/p>\n
One example involves ensuring the inputs to the model are accurate. One input to the network design model is the demand forecast. \u201cAntimalarials are a cheap widely available medication. They were thought to be relatively easy to forecast because the factors that contribute to malaria prevalence are well understood.\u00a0\u00a0However, it turns out the devil is in the details.\u201d If a clinic runs out of the adult dosage form, the doctors prescribe the less potent pediatric tablet and ask the patient to take multiple pills. \u201cFrom the supply chain perspective, this is a confusing demand signal.\u201d<\/p>\n
Treatment compliance is an important consideration. If you just stock a pediatric dosage and expect adults to take multiple tablets, it\u2019s harder for an adult patient to remember how much to take. It might be easier for the supply chain, but it\u2019s not worth a risk to health outcomes.\u00a0\u00a0You need to stock the right dosages.\u201d Without close collaboration with professionals on the ground, the network model cannot understand these kinds of data integrity issues.<\/p>\n
So how has the network modeling affected the supply chain strategy? Before drones, all deliveries were ground-based. Ground-based deliveries are still used exclusively from the central warehouse to the regional warehouses. But from the regional warehouses to the clinics, certain medical supplies are now delivered by drone. Emergency situations often require drone deliveries.<\/p>\n
\u201cPeople intuitively understand, that if a mother is giving birth and needs a transfusion of a rare blood type, then drones are an obvious solution,\u201d Mr. Hetzler explained. \u201cOther cases are similar. Emergency vaccines, for example. Rabies is a condition that is outbreak driven.\u201d There tend to be localized spikes leading to high demand for the vaccine. \u00a0\u201cBefore a rabid dog is captured, it typically bites multiple people and infects other animals. All these people need treatment urgently. You need to be vaccinated within 24 hours of potential rabies exposure. If a patient isn\u2019t vaccinated in time and develops rabies, they are going to die. There is nothing that modern medicine can do for them.\u201d<\/p>\n
Mr. Hetzlerthegave a second example. The country might have an eradication campaign for a parasite.\u00a0\u00a0In this instance, there is a special emphasis on products that treat that condition. Whereas, the medical authorities might normally be happy with a certain service level for that drug, because of the campaign in this region they may want a much higher service level.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/moovafrica.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/zipline.jpg\")
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/moovafrica.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Deliver-Drone-Medical-1.jpg\")